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"VERS L'INFINI ET AU DELA"

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PRODUCTS SHARED IN LATVIA

DELIVERABLES AND INTELLECTUAL OUTPUTS SAMPLES

disseminated from April, 2024

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C2 DEADLINE

PRODUCTS SHARED IN LATVIA  

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CULTURAL AND POLITICAL FRONTIERS

WP2 across the borders: Knowing but overcoming cleavages: a sample, multiculturalism in Romania and Hungarian heritage in Cluj-Napoca (by representatives of the Colegiul economic "Iulian Pop")  SHARING

DANCE

BEYOND

BOUNDARIES

A COMMON BALLET WAS CREATED ON THE SONG "Voyage, Voyage" AND PERFORMED BY THE STUDENTS

Click to see the result:

CULTURAL AND POLITICAL FRONTIERS

WP2 across the borders: Pays Basque, Euskal Herria: an emerging cross-border space? by Lycée Ravel

  SHARING AND PRESENTATION

 BIENTÔT ICI LE TUTORIEL

SOON HERE: TUTORIAL

 WP5

DANSER SUR UNE PETITE PLANÈTE

TERRITORIES / BORDERS HISTORY

WP2 across the borders: The Spanish borders in the Past (conflicts, expulsions, refugees). By Lycée Ravel.   SHARING

 ITALIAN RONDE

WP2 across the borders: Ukraine, a sample of border drawn in an imperialist context (By Lycée Ravel)  SHARING

WP2 Medieval times in Latvia / By Latvian team 

GERMAN REIGN IN OLD LATVIA 

The state of Latvia before Germans , German crusaders came in the 13th century. Before that, local tribes reigned over the territory. In Latvian they are called kurši, zemgaļi, latgaļi, sēļi and lībieši. Each ethnic group had different small states, before Christians came into the territory.

The start of German reign in Latvia In 1199 along with merchants came Bishop Albert. He turned the aforementioned tribes, Livonian and Estonians, against one another. In the Baltics Germans succeeded on the bases of local wars and fragmentation. Despite taking advantage of this, it took almost a hundred years to subject local tribes under their rule. In 1201, the same bishop put down the first stone for Dome church, thus marking the establishment of Riga and the start of Christianisation in the Baltics.

German actions after establishing themselves. The start of Christianity here coincided with the fourth Crusade wars in the Byzantium, meaning Bishop Albert did not have a permanent number of troops. A year later, the Order of Sword Brothers was created. The members of the order could be distinguished by the clothing they wore – white cloak with a red cross and sword in front. They successfully put Livonian and Semigalls under their reign. This order existed for 35 years, because in the year 1237 they were eradicated in the Sun battle with Lithuanians.

After the Battle of Saule. A new order was established – Livonian Order. Later on called the Livonian Confederation, it encompassed in itself the territory of Latvia and Estonia. Under it, there were six smaller countries – Livonian order territories, Riga’s rural district, Riga’s Archdiocese, Tartu Diocese, Samsalas – Vikas Archdiocese, the Dioceses of Kurzeme and Hanseatic cities. Crusaders themselves called this land the Saint Maria’s land, because the land owned by the church was named with a religious name.

Hanseatic union. Parallel to Livonia, Hanseatic union cities also were established in Latvia. The Hanseatic union was a web of merchant cities and guilds. In Latvia, there were eight cities – Riga, Koknese, Limbaži, Cesis, Valmiera, Ventspils, Straupe and Kuldīga. Throughout the cities and countries under this union, different products were traded, such as wax, amber, furs and salt.

The downfall of Livonia. If everything was going as good as it sounds, what was the cause of the end of this large confederation? Undoing started at the end of 15th century and ended in the second part of 16th century. The hit came from the protestant reform. In Germany, it was started by Martin Luther in 1517. Riga was the first city outside of Germany, which took on Lutheranism. In 1554, religious freedom is allowed in the whole Confederation, thus giving the possibilities to have religious services in the Latvian language, rather than German, in turn attracting more Latvian farmer attention to the church and its activities. Writing in Latvian developed, and the first texts in poor Latvian came out. In 1558, Russia’s troops invaded Riga, and the master asked for help from Lithuania. In 1561, the Livonian order ceased to exist. With larger and smaller conflicts, the war ended in 1583 with Russians losing.

After the Livonian Confederation. After the war, Latvia was divided into two duchies – The Duchy of Kurzeme and Zemgale (Courland and Semigallia), and the Duchy of Pārdaugava (Livonia).

The time reflected nowadays. In literature - Estonian author Indrek Hargla about a pharmacist-detective, who tries to unravel crimes in Tallinn. Based on one of his books, a movie recently came out – “Melchior: The Apothecary”. Latvian authoress’s Vizma’s Belševica’s poem called “Irbes sniegā”, translating to English “Partridges in snow”. The most prominent palace from the Duchy of Kurzeme and Zemgale is Rundales palace. In the slide can be seen the ruins of a German castle in Sigulda, which have preserved from the Livonian times.

 BORDERS AND... THE HISTORY OF LATVIA

WP2 Medieval times in Latvia / By Latvian team SHARING AND PRESENTATION  WP2 Polish-Lituanian rule / By Latvian team SHARING

WP2 Swedish rule / By Latvian team SHARING

BORDERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE: LIMES

 WP5

DANSER SUR UNE PETITE PLANÈTE

  ENERGYZING EXCHANGES

 WP2 across the borders: Roman Limes in the History (By IIS via Emery) SHARING

 ARTISTIC VIBES

A COMMON BALLET WAS CREATED ON THE SONG "Voyage, Voyage" AND PERFORMED BY THE STUDENTS

Click to see the result: